imiМеждународная аналитикаJournal of International Analytics2587-84762541-9633MGIMO University10.46272/2587-8476-2020-11-4-72-90imi-309Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ARTICLESЭволюция концепции смены режима и информационные войны XXI векаThe Evolution of Regime Change and Information Warfare in the 21st Centuryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-5325СаймонсГ.SimonsG.

Грег Саймонс, доцент и научный сотрудник Института российских и евразийских исследований Уппсальского университета; ведущий научный сотрудник Гуманитарного института Уральского федерального университета в Екатеринбурге

O. Box 256, SE-751 05 Уппсала,

620002, Уральский федеральный округ, Свердловская область, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19

Greg Simons, Associate Professor and Researcher Institute for Russian and Eurasian Studies (IRES), Uppsala University; Leading researcher at the Humanitarian Institute at Ural Federal University in Yekaterinburg

P.O. Box 256, SE-751 05 Uppsala,

620002, Ural Federal District, Sverdlovsk region, Yekaterinburg, Mira str., 19

gregmons@yahoo.comИнститут российских и евразийских исследований Уппсальского университета; Гуманитарный институт Уральского федерального университета в ЕкатеринбургеШвецияInstitute for Russian and Eurasian Studies (IRES), Uppsala University; Humanitarian Institute at Ural Federal University in YekaterinburgSweden2020090320211147290Copyright © Саймонс Г., 20212021Саймонс Г.Simons G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/309

Хотя информация не является новым явлением, сопровождающим вооруженные конфликты, скорость ее распространения и влияния на широкую аудиторию и, следовательно, ее потенциальная опасность растет в связи с быстрым развитием информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Примеры смены режима и информационных войн существуют в истории организованных человеческих обществ с давних времен. Проведенный обзор научной литературы демонстрирует сегодня большой интерес к этим концепциям в академическом, политическом и практическом планах. В настоящей статье предпринята попытка проследить эволюцию концептуального осмысления смены режима и проблематики информационной войны, а также ставится задача выявить факторы, влияющие на связь информационной политики и смены режимов. Высокий уровень развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий и сохраняющееся глобальное лидерство позволили Соединенным Штатам участвовать в смене неугодных правительств и информационных войнах более эффективно, хотя и не без рисков. Автор рассматривает наиболее показательные примеры такого воздействия и на их основе приходит к выводу о том, что мы наблюдаем сдвиг мотивации от наступательной позиции (стремление распространить влияние) к оборонительной (стремление помешать другим международным акторам добиться сходного влияния в мировой политике) на глобальном уровне.

Although information is nothing new to war or conflict, the speed at which it reaches a much wider target audience, and thus its potential impact and consequences, is changing due to the rapid development of information and communications technology. Regime change and information warfare have been around for a very long time in the history of organised human societies. An undertaken review of academic literature demonstrates a great interest today to these concepts in academic, policymaking and practical terms. The present article attempts to track the evolution of the Western conceptual and theoretical thinking on the use of regime change and information warfare, seeking to understand the factors that precipitate it. In the paper I address the following, what is the relationship between information warfare and regime change? The high level of information and communications technology development and persisting leadership globally have allowed the United States to engage in regime change and information warfare more effective, although not without risks. The author considers the most illustrative examples of such engagement and, based on them, concludes that we have seen a shift in motivation from an offensive stance (the desire to spread influence) to a defensive one (the desire to prevent other international actors from gaining influence and power) on the global level. The theoretical method chosen for the analysis is phenomenology, as a means of the reading and analysis of a lived experience as well as a qualitative method will be used to analyse the data, where the goal is to capture the complexity of the object of study.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.