imiМеждународная аналитикаJournal of International Analytics2587-84762541-9633MGIMO University10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-3-72-86imi-345Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ARTICLESИсторический институционализм и эволюция внешней политики Европейского союза после окончания холодной войныHistorical Institutionalism and the European Union’s post-Cold War Foreign Policy DevelopmentНойманМ.NeumanМ.

Марек Нойман, Факультет искусств, кафедра международных отношений и международной организации

716, 9700 AS, Гронинген

Marek Neuman, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Arts, Department of International Relations and International Organization

PO Box 716, 9700 AS, Groningen

m.neuman@rug.nlУниверситет ГронингенаНидерландыUniversity of GroningenNetherlands2021260420211237286Copyright © Нойман М., 20212021Нойман М.Neuman М.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/345

В данной статье утверждается, что исторический институционализм – с его акцентом на таких концептах, как зависимость от предшествующего развития, время, непрерывность и изменение, критические моменты и непредвиденные последствия – служит ценным теоретическим инструментом для объяснения того, почему и как Европейский союз трансформировался из исключительно экономического союза в течение первых сорока лет своего существования в направлении политического союза с глобальной внешнеполитической повесткой дня в период после холодной войны. Через анализ эволюции внешней политики ЕС после 1989 г. и рассмотрение политики ЕС в отношении Восточной Европы автор утверждает, что участие Брюсселя в мировой политике уже давно находится в процессе становления. В частности, выделяются четыре элемента, которые определили и продолжают определять внешнеполитический портфель ЕС: во-первых, успешная экономическая интеграция в первые сорок лет существования Европейского союза; во-вторых, логика интеграции через институционализацию, которая двигала интеграцию в ЕС с 1952 г.; в-третьих, неформальное европейское политическое сотрудничество, свидетельствующее о появлении негласных норм и правил проведения внешнеполитической координации; и, в-четвертых, риторическая приверженность региону Центральной и Восточной Европы до 1989 г.

This paper maintains that Historical Institutionalism – with its emphasis on such concepts as path dependency, time, continuity and change, critical junctures, and unintended consequences – serves as a valuable theoretical tool in explaining the why and how of the European Union developing from a strictly economic union during the first forty years of its existence towards a political union with a global foreign policy agenda in the post-Cold War period. Discussing the EU’s post-1989 foreign policy development and zooming in on the EU’s policy towards Eastern Europe to illustrate its argument, the paper argues that Brussels’ participation in global politics has for long been in the making. More specifically, four elements that have determined – and continue to do so – the EU’s foreign policy portfolio are first, the successful economic integration in the first forty years of the European Union’s existence; second, the logic of integration through institutionalization driving EU integration since 1952; third, the – at first – informal European Political Cooperation witnessing the emergence of tacit norms and rules of conducting foreign policy coordination; and fourth, the rhetoric commitment to the region of Central and Eastern Europe pre-1989.

Европейский союзвнешняя политикаисторический институционализмзависимость от предшествующего развитиянепредвиденные последствияЕвропейская политика соседстваВосточное партнерствоEuropean Unionforeign policyHistorical Institutionalismpath dependencyunintended consequencesEuropean Neighbourhood PolicyEastern PartnershipReferencesAverre, Derek. “Competing Rationalities: Russia, the EU and the ‘Shared Neighbourhood’.” EuropeAsia Studies 61, no. 10 (2009): 1689–1713. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668130903278918.Averre, Derek. “Competing Rationalities: Russia, the EU and the ‘Shared Neighbourhood’.” Europe-Asia Studies 61, no. 10 (2009): 1689-1713.Bassompierre, Guy de. Changing the Guard in Brussels. New York: Praeger, 1988.Bassompierre, Guy de. Changing the Guard in Brussels. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.