imiМеждународная аналитикаJournal of International Analytics2587-84762541-9633MGIMO University10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-2-74-92imi-374Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ARTICLESИндия в постбиполярную эпоху: тридцатилетие поиска места в миреIndia in the Post-Bipolar World: 30 Years of Searching the PlaceКуприяновА. В.KupriyanovA. V.

Алексей Владимирович Куприянов, к.ист.н., руководитель Группы Южной Азии и региона Индийского океана, старший научный сотрудник

ул. Профсоюзная, 23, Москва, 117997

Alexey V. Kupriyanov, PhD (History), Senior Research Fellow, Head of Group on South Asia and Indian Ocean, Center for Asia Pacific Studies

23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997

a.kupriyanov@imemo.ruМакаревичГ. Г.MakarevichG. G.

Глеб Григорьевич Макаревич, старший лаборант-исследователь Группы Южной Азии и региона Индийского океана

ул. Профсоюзная, 23, Москва, 117997

Gleb G. Makarevich, Senior Research Assistant of Group on South Asia and Indian Ocean, Center for Asia Pacific Studies

23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997

gmakarevich@imemo.ruИМЭМО РАНРоссияPrimakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2021180820211227492Copyright © Куприянов А.В., Макаревич Г.Г., 20212021Куприянов А.В., Макаревич Г.Г.Kupriyanov A.V., Makarevich G.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/374

В статье анализируются инструменты и механизмы, которые индийские политические элиты применяли для адаптации внешнеполитической стратегии по окончании холодной войны. Авторы кратко описывают внутриполитическое развитие Индии за последние 30 лет, отмечая, что, несмотря на неоднократный переход власти от одной коалиции к другой, общая внешнеполитическая и экономическая линии оставались неизменными благодаря межпартийному консенсусу, обеспечивавшему преемственность курса. Особое внимание уделяется стремлению индийского руководства сформировать мощный экономический базис, воспринимаемый в рамках стратегической мысли Индии как обязательное условие, позволяющее стране претендовать на статус великой державы. Авторы утверждают, что индийские элиты после 1991 г. взяли курс на выстраивание сферы влияния, которая должна была стать экономической, политической и военной основой для превращения Индии в один из полюсов полицентричного мира. Выделяются ключевые для индийской внешней политики направления (Южная Азия, Юго-Восточная Азия, регион Индийского океана, Ближний Восток) и отмечается, что основные внешние вызовы безопасности Индии остались прежними (Китай и Пакистан), хотя изменились качественно: КНР стала одной из сверхдержав, обогнав Индию по уровню экономического развития, а Пакистан обзавелся ядерным оружием. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в целом индийские элиты сумели сравнительно благополучно провести страну через хаос первых десятилетий постбиполярного мира, превратив ее в одну из крупнейших экономик мира и обеспечив необходимые условия для повышения статуса в мировой политике.

The article analyzes the tools and mechanisms that Indian elites used to adapt the country’s foreign policy to the post-Cold War world order. We describe the internal political development of India over the past 30 years, noting that the general foreign and economic policies remained unchanged due to the political consensus. We analyze the desire of the Indian leadership to form a solid economic foundation, which is perceived in the framework of India’s strategic thought as a prerequisite for the country to claim the status of great power. Finally, we discuss the primary imperatives of the Indian external policy, i.e., building a sphere of influence necessary for the polycentric world. It is noted that India’s main external security challenges remain the same (China and Pakistan), although they have changed qualitatively: the PRC has become one of the superpowers, overtaking India in terms of economic development, and Pakistan acquired nuclear weapons. We conclude that, on the whole, the Indian elites managed to relatively safely lead the country through the chaos of the post-Cold War world, turning it into one of the largest economies in the world and providing the necessary conditions for raising its status in world politics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.