imiМеждународная аналитикаJournal of International Analytics2587-84762541-9633MGIMO University10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-2-170-181imi-375Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ESSAYАзербайджан: укрепление «малой силы» или переходный период в становлении «средней»?Azerbaijan: From Small to Regional Power?ИбрагимовР. Ф.IbrahimovR. F.

Ровшан Фаиг оглы Ибрагимов, профессор

Сеул, Южная Корея, 07 Imun-ro, Imun-dong, Dongdaemun-gu

Rovshan Ibragimov, Professor

Seoul, South Korea, 107 Imun-ro, Imun-dong, Dongdaemun-gu

rovshanibrahimov@gmail.comУниверситет регионоведения ХангукHankuk University of Foreign Studies202119082021122170181Copyright © Ибрагимов Р.Ф., 20212021Ибрагимов Р.Ф.Ibrahimov R.F.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/375

В статье дан общий обзор основных факторов, влияющих на формирование внешней политики Азербайджана, а также проведен анализ, показывающий, каким образом эти факторы видоизменялись с момента обретения страной независимости вплоть до 2021 г. Цель статьи – проследить динамику развития как государства Азербайджан, так и азербайджанского общества. Делается вывод о том, что наличие Нагорно-Карабахского конфликта стало ключевым при формировании политической и экономической системы страны, а также сознания и восприятия мира ее гражданами. С момента обретения независимости основной задачей Азербайджана являлось изменение регионального статус-кво, а также возвращение военно-политического контроля над Нагорным Карабахом.

В теоретической части статьи автор рассматривает две категории государственности: малая и средняя держава. Устоявшиеся их определения говорят, что основной параметр их различия кроется в размере экономики, численности вооруженных сил, а также в критерии «воли» народов к решению экстраординарных внешнеполитических задач. Автор считает, что консолидация имеющегося потенциала страны сделала возможным не только достижение цели обеспечения территориальной целостности, но и переход Азербайджана из категории «малой» державы в «среднюю». Азербайджан намеренно шел к такому положению: посредством развития региональных связей и энергетической дипломатии, а также – изолирования Армении. В результате занятие в конце 2020 г. Азербайджаном семи районов и части Нагорного Карабаха, включая Шушу, стало значимым событием, что позволило стране коренным образом изменить складывавшийся годами невыгодный статус-кво.

The article gives a general overview of the main factors influencing the formation of Azerbaijan’s foreign policy, as well as analyzes how these factors have changed since Azerbaijan’s independence until 2021. The conclusion is made that the existence of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has been a key factor in the formation of the political and economic system of the country, as well as the consciousness and perception of the world by its citizens. Since independence, Azerbaijan’s main objective has been to change the regional status quo, as well as to regain military and political control over Nagorno-Karabakh. In the theoretical part of the article, the author considers two categories of statehood: small and medium power. The established definition of small and medium power says that the main criteria of their difference lies in the size of the economy, the number of armed forces, as well as in the criterion of the “will” of the peoples to solve extraordinary foreign policy tasks. The author believes that the consolidation of the country’s available capabilities made it possible not only to achieve the goal of territorial integrity, but also to move Azerbaijan from the category of a small to a medium power. Azerbaijan deliberately moved to the rank of a medium power: through the development of regional ties and energy diplomacy, as well as through the isolation of Armenia. As a result, Azerbaijan’s seizure of seven districts and part of Nagorno-Karabakh, including Shusha, was a significant event that allowed the country to fundamentally change the unfavorable status quo that had prevailed for years.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.