imiМеждународная аналитикаJournal of International Analytics2587-84762541-9633MGIMO University10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-2-35-48imi-480Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИRESEARCH ARTICLESПостколониальная история на службе антиколониальной политики: критическая историография и национальный миф в современной ИндииPostcolonial History in the Service of Anticolonial Politics: Critical Historiography and National Myth in Contemporary IndiaКуприяновА. В.KupriyanovA. V.

Алексей Владимирович Куприянов, к.и.н., руководитель Центра Индоокеанского региона, старший научный сотрудник ИМЭМО РАН

117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 23

Alexey V. Kupriyanov, PhD (Hist.), Senior Research Fellow, Head of Сentre for the Indo-Pacific Region

23, Profsoyuznaya street, Moscow, Russia, 117997

a.kupriyanov@imemo.ruИМЭМО РАНРоссияPrimakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023030820231423548Copyright © Куприянов А.В., 20232023Куприянов А.В.Kupriyanov A.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/480

Статья посвящена рассмотрению взаимосвязи формирования индийского внешнеполитического дискурса, макроисторических процессов, повлиявших на генезис индийских политических элит, и развития исторического знания о регионе Индийского океана. Цель статьи – выяснить, что определило специфику восприятия индийскими элитами места Индии в регионе и как оно трансформировалось в рамках внешнеполитического дискурса. Кроме того, исследуется вопрос о роли историков, занимавшихся изучением региона Индийского океана. Автор приходит к выводу, согласно которому представления элит сформировались главным образом под влиянием изменений в общемировом политическом дискурсе после Первой мировой войны, благодаря которым в Европе и в Азии утвердилось мнение о безальтернативности государства-нации, развивающегося с опорой на собственную тяжелую промышленность. Почти с самого начала существования независимой Индии ее политические элиты, бывшие отчасти продуктом британского либо британизированного воспитания и образования, отрицали преемственность, существовавшую между новым индийским государством и Британским Раджем и владениями Ост-Индской компании, и пытались выстроить историческую преемственность с политиями, существовавшими в добританские времена. Помощь в этом им оказывали индийские и зарубежные историки. Автор демонстрирует, как индийские элиты использовали в своих целях открытия ученых, концептуализируя подходящие сюжеты и отбрасывая остальные, и как сообщество историков постепенно превращалось в часть машины по производству дискурса. Если в период правления Джавахарлала Неру и Индиры Ганди основное внимание уделялось Империи Великих Моголов как последней добританской индийской империи, то с приходом к власти Бхаратия Джаната парти поощряются исследования, посвященные индуистским политиям и персоналиям.

The article examines the relationship between the shaping of Indian foreign policy discourse, macro-historical processes that influence the formation of Indian political elites, and the development of historical knowledge about the Indian Ocean region. Its purpose is to ascertain the factors that influenced the specific perception of India’s place in the region by Indian elites and how this perception evolved within the framework of foreign policy discourse. Additionally, the role of historians who have studied the past of the Indian Ocean is explored. The author concludes that the changes in global political discourse following the First World War played a crucial role in shaping the ideas of India’s position in the world among the elites. These elites adopted the stance that the nation-state, with its own industrial base, was the only viable option. From the early stages of independent India, its political elites, influenced by British or Anglicized upbringing and education, rejected the notion of continuity between the new Indian state and the British Raj and the possessions of the East India Company. Instead, they attempted to establish historical continuity with pre-British Indian polities. Indian and foreign historians supported them in this endeavor. The author demonstrates how India’s political elites utilized the findings of scholars to serve their own purposes, selectively adopting suitable historical narratives while discarding others. This process gradually drew the community of historians into the production of discourse. During the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, the Mughal Empire received the most attention as the last pre-British Indian polity. However, with the Bharatiya Janata Party coming into power, research on Hindu polities and personalities is now encouraged.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.