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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">imi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная аналитика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of International Analytics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-8476</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2587-8476-2023-14-4-21-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">imi-515</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Ни воды, ни войны»: проблема пресной воды в международных отношениях первой четверти XXI века</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“Neither Water, nor War:” the Problem of Fresh Water in International Relations of the First Quarter of the 21st Century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лихачева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likhacheva</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Борисовна Лихачева, к.полит.н., декан факультета мировой экономики и мировой политики</p><p>119017, Москва, ул. Малая Ордынка, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia B. Likhacheva, PhD, Dean of the Faculty of World Economy and World Politics</p><p>17 Malaya Ordynka street, Moscow, 119017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alikhacheva@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИУ ВШЭ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лихачева А.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лихачева А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Likhacheva A.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/515">https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/515</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье сопоставляется динамика состояния водной проблемы с начала XXI в., последовательно ухудшающегося в большинстве регионов мира, с его внешнеполитическим измерением. Автор констатирует переход от глобального водного алармизма 1990-х гг. к вызовам для малых и средних держав, в решении проблем которых деятельно пока не заинтересован ни один крупный актор. Пресная вода, несмотря на лозунги конца прошлого столетия о грядущих водных войнах, «голубой нефти» и «новом золоте» XXI в., не стала и, вероятно, не станет причиной противостояния великих держав, а средние и малые пока ограничиваются вполне традиционными формами конфликтов, в том числе в бассейнах Тигра, Евфрата и Иордана, которые на протяжении десятилетий рассматривались в качестве полигонов будущих водных войн. Это, однако, не отменяет важнейшей роли водных объектов и экосистем в стимулировании развития или, напротив, консервации бедности и отсталости целых регионов. Водные объекты остаются предметом конкуренции как важный источник водоемкой продукции, которая может быть преобразована в ценные активы – водоемкие товары, энергию или способность достижения более высокого уровня Индекса человеческого развития. И, разумеется, могут послужить поводами для обострения этноконфессиональных и политических конфликтов. В этом контексте рассматривается и потенциал России, второй водной державы в мире, как в непосредственном регулировании региональных водных вызовов, так и в изменении подходов международных организаций и объединений, где Москва играет заметную роль.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this article, the author compares the objective dynamics of changes in the state of the water problem since the beginning of the 21st century, which has continued to worsen in most regions of the world, and its foreign policy dimension, noting the transition from the global water alarmism of the 1990s to the challenges for small and medium powers, in solving the problems in which no major actor is yet actively interested. Fresh water, despite the slogans at the end of the last century about future water wars, the “blue oil” and the “new gold” of the 21ST century, has not become, and is unlikely to become, the cause of confrontation between great powers, while medium and small powers are still confine themselves to more traditional forms of conflict, including in the Tigris, the Euphrates and the Jordan basins, which have been seen for decades as a testing ground for future water wars. This does not negate the role of water bodies and ecosystems in promoting development or, conversely, in perpetuating the poverty and backwardness in entire regions. Waters remain in competition as an important source of water-intensive goods that can be converted into valuable assets – water-intensive goods, energy or the ability to achieve higher levels of the Human Development Index. And, of course, they can be used to exacerbate ethnic and political conflicts. This is where the potential of Russia, the world’s second water power, comes into play, both in terms of directly regulating regional water challenges and in influencing the approaches of international organizations and associations, in which Moscow plays a prominent role.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>водные конфликты</kwd><kwd>международное сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>водные войны</kwd><kwd>международные режимы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>water conflicts</kwd><kwd>international cooperation</kwd><kwd>water wars</kwd><kwd>international regimes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Торкунов, А.В. Мир становится другим // Мир и политика. 2009. № 1 (28). 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