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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">imi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная аналитика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of International Analytics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-8476</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2587-8476-2025-16-1-60-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">imi-606</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Транспортная инфраструктура как основа мобильности НАТО в Европе: ключевые направления и форматы развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transport Infrastructure as a Basis for NATO Mobility in Europe: Key Directions and Formats for Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелоян</surname><given-names>Т. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meloyan</surname><given-names>T. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тигран Хачатурович Мелоян, аналитик Центра средиземноморских исследований факультета мировой экономики и мировой политики,</p><p>119017, Москва, ул. Малая Ордынка, 17.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tigran Kh. Meloyan, Analyst at the Center for Mediterranean Studies, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, </p><p>17, Malaya Ordynka street, Moscow, 119017.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmeloyan@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИУ ВШЭ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">HSE University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мелоян Т.Х., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мелоян Т.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Meloyan T.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/606">https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/606</self-uri><abstract><p>С 2017 г. государства ЕС и НАТО ведут дискуссию о формировании «военного Шенгена», подчеркивая важность интеграции усилий для оперативного реагирования на потенциальные кризисы на восточном фланге альянса. В условиях обострения противоречий между Россией и Западом данная тема обретает еще большую актуальность. Цель настоящего исследования – определить роль транспортной инфраструктуры, прежде всего автомобильной и железнодорожной, в обеспечении военной мобильности НАТО в Европе, а также рассмотреть основные направления и форматы сотрудничества в данной области. Особое внимание в работе уделяется проектам «Инициативы трех морей» (Via Carpatia, Via Baltica, Rail-2-Sea), инициативам в рамках Трансъевропейской транспортной сети (TEN-T) и программам Постоянного структурированного сотрудничества по вопросам безопасности и обороны (PESCO).</p><p>На основе концепции секьюритизации автор демонстрирует механизмы, через которые гражданские проекты приобретают военную значимость, формируя инфраструктуру двойного назначения. Сделан вывод о том, что военная мобильность становится ключевой точкой для углубления сотрудничества ЕС и НАТО и открывает новые стратегические возможности для альянса, способствуя быстрой переброске войск и техники к российским границам. Целевая задача ЕС и НАТО – к 2030 г. сформировать в Европе транспортную инфраструктуру, полноценно функционирующую для удовлетворения военных нужд. В среднесрочной перспективе это может создать дополнительные вызовы для России. Соответственно, в заключительной части статьи предлагаются различные пути реагирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since 2017, EU and NATO have been discussing the creation of “Military Schengen,” emphasizing the importance of integrating efforts to promptly respond to potential crises on the eastern flank of NATO. With aggravation of contradictions between Russia and the West in the context of the special military operation in Ukraine, this topic acquires even greater relevance. The aim of this study is to determine the role of transport infrastructures, primarily road and rail ones, on NATO’s military mobility in Europe and to examine the main areas and formats of cooperation in this area. Particular attention is paid to the projects of the Three Seas Initiative (Via Carpatia, Via Baltica, Rail-2-Sea), initiatives within the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) and the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) programs. Based on the provisions of securitization theory, the author demonstrates mechanisms through which civilian projects acquire military significance, forming dual-use infrastructure. The author concludes that military mobility is becoming a key field for deepening cooperation between the EU and NATO and opens up new strategic opportunities for the alliance, facilitating the rapid transfer of troops and equipment to the Russian borders amid geopolitical tensions. The target task of the EU and NATO is to create a fully functioning transport infrastructure in Europe by 2030 to meet their military needs.</p><p>In the medium term, this may create additional challenges for Russia. Accordingly,  the article suggests several ways of responding to them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транспортная инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>военная мобильность</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>стратегическая ось «Север – Юг»</kwd><kwd>стратегическая ось «Запад – Восток»</kwd><kwd>фланговые «точки входа»</kwd><kwd>«Инициатива трех морей»</kwd><kwd>Трансъевропейская транспортная сеть (TEN-T)</kwd><kwd>Постоянное структурированное сотрудничество (PESCO)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transport infrastructure</kwd><kwd>military mobility</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>North–South strategic axis</kwd><kwd>West–East strategic axis</kwd><kwd>flank “entry points”</kwd><kwd>Three Seas Initiative</kwd><kwd>Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T)</kwd><kwd>Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алешин, А.А. 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