<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">imi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная аналитика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of International Analytics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-8476</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2587-8476-2025-16-1-99-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">imi-608</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Игры престолов на газовом рынке: как Катар планирует удержать лидирующие позиции в экспорте СПГ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Game of Thrones in the Gas Market: How Qatar Plans to Maintain Its Leading Position in LNG Exports</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожанов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhanov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Александрович Кожанов, к.э.н., старший научный сотрудник Центра ближневосточных исследований,</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 23.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Kozhanov, PhD (Econ.), Senior Research Fellow, Center for Middle Eastern Studies, </p><p>23, Profsoyuznaya street, Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_a_kozhanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO RAS)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кожанов Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кожанов Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozhanov N.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/608">https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/608</self-uri><abstract><p>В 2024 г. в Катаре объявили о третьем значительном расширении национального производства сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), запланированном на ближайшие шесть лет. Хотя это решение и соответствует аналогичным тенденциям в других странах – производителях СПГ, таких как Соединенные Штаты, его обоснованность и целесообразность вызвали серьезные сомнения, связанные с возможными изменениями баланса на рынках сжиженного природного газа, особенно с точки зрения переизбытка предложения и негативного ценового давления. Для катарского производителя основные риски связаны именно с ожидаемым переизбытком предложения СПГ, который может создать трудности как для заключения долгосрочных контрактов, воспринимающихся правящей элитой эмирата как гарантия стабильных инвалютных поступлений в бюджет, так и для повторной долгосрочной контрактации дополнительных объемов СПГ, поставляющихся Дохой по контрактам, чей срок действия истечет в период 2025–2035 гг., когда будут введены в эксплуатацию новые производственные мощности СПГ в других странах. Вместе с тем проведенное исследование показало, что стратегия Катара является дальновидной и выходит за рамки ожидаемого кризиса избыточного предложения в конце 2020-х гг., охватывая период 2030–2050 годов. Прогнозируемый профицит может быть временным, и ближневосточный экспортер, по-видимому, имеет все возможности для адаптации к рыночным условиям. Этот проактивный подход «ва-банк» направлен на увеличение доли Катара на рынке СПГ. Арабский производитель сможет опередить конкурентов, как только переизбыток предложения будет устранен и ситуация стабилизируется. В то же время недавнее решение расширить инфраструктуру по производству СПГ окажет существенное влияние на отношения Катара с США, ЕС и Китаем, повысив роль последнего как потенциального партнера эмирата и ослабив его связи с ЕС.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 2024, Qatar announced a third significant expansion of its LNG production planned over  the next six years. While this decision raises concerns about potential shifts in global and regional LNG markets, particularly regarding oversupply and price pressures, the expansion aligns with similar growth in other countries, such as the United States. Oversupply may hinder long-term contracts, which are crucial for Qatar’s stable export revenues. As new LNG volumes enter the market from 2025 to 2035, Doha will need to renegotiate existing contracts, which raises concerns about market oversaturation. However, the study suggests that Qatar’s strategy is forward-looking, extending beyond the anticipated oversupply crisis of the late 2020s to include the 2030– 2050 period. The projected surplus may be temporary, and Qatar seems well-positioned to adjust to market conditions. This proactive ‘all-in’ approach aims to enhance Qatar’s market share ahead of competitors once the market stabilizes post-oversupply, with some scenarios even indicating potential future deficits. However, apart from the economic dimension, the current decision by Doha to expand its LNG production infrastructure will also have a serious impact on Qatar’s relations with the US, the EU and China, increasing the role of the latter as a potential partner and possibly weakening Qatar-EU ties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СПГ</kwd><kwd>Катар</kwd><kwd>энергетическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>диверсификация экономики</kwd><kwd>малые государства</kwd><kwd>энергопереход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>LNG</kwd><kwd>Qatar</kwd><kwd>Energy Security</kwd><kwd>Economic Diversification</kwd><kwd>Small States</kwd><kwd>Energy Transition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кудрин, А., Пих, С. Энергетическая политика Катара: стратегия поставок на европейский и азиатский рынки // ТЭК России. 2016. № 7. С. 14–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kudrin, Aleksandr, and Svyatoslav Pikh. “Energeticheskaya politika Katara: strategiya postavok na evropeiskii i aziatskii rynki.” TEK Rossii, no. 7 (2016): 14–19 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Касаев, Э. Перспективные направления экономического развития Катара // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2013. № 8. С. 86–94. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-8-86-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasaev, Eldar. “Prospective Directions of Katar’s Economic Development.” World Economy and International Relations, no. 8 (2013): 86–94. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козеняшева, М.М. Нефтегазовый комплекс Катара: особенности развития и перспективы // Экономические науки. 2024. № 5 (234). С. 538–544. https://doi.org/10.14451/1.234.538.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozenyasheva, Margarita M. (2024). “Qatar Oil and Gas Complex: Specific and Prospects of Development.” Economic Sciences, no. 5 (234): 538–544 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов, Р.С., Славецкая, Н.С., Тумарова, Т.Г. Катар на европейском рынке сжиженного природного газа // Вестник Института экономики Российской академии наук. 2020. № 3. С. 88–98. https://doi.org/10.24411/2073-6487-2020-10031.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov, Roman S., Nina S. Slavetskaya, and Tatyana G. Tumarova. “Qatar in the European Market of Liquefied Natural Gas.” Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 3 (2020): 88–98 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маркелова, Э.А. Энергетическая политика Катара на современном этапе: внешнее и внутреннее измерение (на примере газового сектора) // Национальная безопасность / nota bene. 2021. № 6. С. 33–42. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2021.6.37095.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Markelova, Ester A. “Qatar’s Energy Policy at the Current Stage: Domestic and Foreign Dimensions (the Case of the Gas Sector).” National Security, no. 6 (2021): 33–42 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пусенкова, Н.Н. Национальные нефтяные компании в новых реалиях мировой энергетики. Москва: Идея-Пресс, 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pusenkova, Nina N. Natsional’nye neftyanye kompanii v novykh realiyakh mirovoi energetiki. Moscow: IdeyaPress, 2022 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тюкаева, Т. Резонансный Катар: феномен внешнеполитической идентичности малой монархии // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. 2023. Т. 67. № 10. С. 94–107. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-10-94-107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tyukaeva, Tatyana. “The Resonant Qatar: The Phenomenon of a Small Monarchy’s Foreign Political Identity.” World Economy and International Relations 67, no. 10 (2023): 94–107 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">al-Tamimi, Naser. Navigating Uncertainty: Qatar Response to the Global Gas Boom. Doha: Brookings Doha Center, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">al-Tamimi, Naser. Navigating Uncertainty: Qatar Response to the Global Gas Boom. Doha: Brookings Doha Center, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">al-Tamimi, Naser. Qatar’s LNG between the Ukraine War and Renewable: Prospects and Challenges. Doha: GISR, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">al-Tamimi, Naser. Qatar’s LNG between the Ukraine War and Renewable: Prospects and Challenges. Doha: GISR, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bethune, Graeme. The Role of LNG in the North Asian Energy Transition: Lagging Renewables Means More LNG for Longer? Oxford: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bethune, Graeme. The Role of LNG in the North Asian Energy Transition: Lagging Renewables Means More LNG for Longer? Oxford: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Çavuşoğlu, Esra. “From Rise to Crisis: The Qatari Leadership.” Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 7, no. 1 (2020): 81–109. https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.624334.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Çavuşoğlu, Esra. “From Rise to Crisis: The Qatari Leadership.” Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 7, no. 1 (2020): 81–109. https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.624334.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cochrane, Logan, and Reem Al-Hababi. Sustainable Qatar: Social, Political and Environmental Perspectives. Springer: Singapore, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978981-19-7398-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cochrane, Logan, and Reem Al-Hababi. Sustainable Qatar: Social, Political and Environmental Perspectives. Springer: Singapore, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978981-19-7398-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fulwood, Mike. What Next for US LNG Exports? Oxford: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fulwood, Mike. What Next for US LNG Exports? Oxford: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jing, Xiaotong. “The Russia-Ukraine War and Energy Security: Impact and Policies, From a European Perspective.” Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 3 (2023): 215–222. https://doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v3i.4745.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jing, Xiaotong. “The Russia-Ukraine War and Energy Security: Impact and Policies, From a European Perspective.” Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 3 (2023): 215–222.  https://doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v3i.4745.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiertz, Thilo, Lilith Kuhn, and Annika Mattissek. “A Turn to Geopolitics: Shifts in the German Energy</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiertz, Thilo, Lilith Kuhn, and Annika Mattissek. “A Turn to Geopolitics: Shifts in the German Energy</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Transition Discourse in Light of Russia’s War against Ukraine.” Energy Research &amp; Social Science 98 (2023): 103036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103036.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Transition Discourse in Light of Russia’s War against Ukraine.” Energy Research &amp; Social Science 98 (2023): 103036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103036.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yusuf, Noor, Rajesh Govindan, and Tareq Al-Ansari. “Energy Markets Restructure beyond 2022 and its Implications on Qatar LNG Sales Strategy: Business Forecasting and Trend Analysis.” Heliyon 10, no. 7 (2024): e27682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27682.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yusuf, Noor, Rajesh Govindan, and Tareq Al-Ansari. “Energy Markets Restructure beyond 2022 and its Implications on Qatar LNG Sales Strategy: Business Forecasting and Trend Analysis.” Heliyon 10, no. 7 (2024): e27682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27682.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zou, Qian, Chenggao Yi, Keming Wang, Xiuling Yin, and Yongwei Zhang. “Global LNG Market: Supply-Demand and Economic Analysis.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (2022): 012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/983/1/012051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zou, Qian, Chenggao Yi, Keming Wang, Xiuling Yin, and Yongwei Zhang. “Global LNG Market: Supply-Demand and Economic Analysis.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (2022): 012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/17551315/983/1/012051</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
