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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">imi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная аналитика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of International Analytics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-8476</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2587-8476-2025-16-2-63-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">imi-625</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы и тенденции формирования диаспор в странах Северной Европы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems and Trends in the Formation of Diasporas in the Nordic Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджимурадова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhimuradova</surname><given-names>G- I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гюльнара Ильясбековна Гаджимурадова, к.филос.н., доцент, доцент, заведующий Кафедрой демографической и миграционной политики; старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76;</p><p>107031, Москва, ул. Рождественка, 12.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gyulnara I. Gadzhimuradova, PhD (Philosophy), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Demographic and Migration Policy; Senior Research Fellow,</p><p>76, Vernadsky avenue, Moscow, 119454;</p><p>12, Rozhdestvenka street, Moscow,  107031.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.gadzhimuradova@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МГИМО МИД России; Институт Востоковедения РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MGIMO University; Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаджимурадова Г.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаджимурадова Г.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gadzhimuradova G.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/625">https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/625</self-uri><abstract><p>Миграция имеет особое значение для стран Северной Европы. Она неоднородна и проходила в разные временные периоды, по разным причинам. Вначале она имела характер трудовой миграции между странами Северной Европы: из менее развитых в начале XX в. Дании, Норвегии и Финляндии в Швецию. Далее в связи с экономическим ростом понадобилась рабочая сила, что побудило эти страны искать трудовых мигрантов за пределами региона.</p><p>Таким образом, в странах Северной Европы стали постепенно формироваться этнические диаспоры. Наряду с трудовой миграцией, страны Северной Европы из гуманитарных соображений стали принимать беженцев из стран, охваченных войной. Вместе с тем прием мигрантов был связан и с демографическими проблемами северных стран. В связи с притоком иностранных мигрантов появились проблемы с их интеграцией. Эту и другие задачи были призваны решать адаптируемые миграционные политики – от более либеральной в Швеции до более прагматичной в Дании. Цель настоящего исследования – выявить структуры миграции и тенденции формирования диаспор в странах Северной Европы. В статье рассматриваются феномен диаспоры как таковой, политическое и культурное влияние диаспор на страны-доноры, общее и особенное миграционных политик государств Северной Европы, а также подходы к политике интеграции в Норвегии, Швеции и Финляндии, их плюсы и минусы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Migration is of particular importance for the Nordic countries. It is heterogeneous and took place in different time periods, for different reasons. At first, it had the character of labor migration between the Nordic countries: from Denmark, Norway, and Finland, which were less developed in the early 20th century, to Sweden. Further, due to economic growth, labor was needed, which prompted these countries to look for migrant workers outside their countries. Thus, ethnic diasporas in the Nordic countries gradually began to form. Along with labor migration, the Nordic countries began actively accepting refugees from war-torn countries for humanitarian reasons.</p><p>At the same time, the reception of migrants was intended to solve the demographic issues of the Nordic countries. Still, due to the influx of migrants, there are problems with their integration.</p><p>Migration policies for the reception of migrants and refugees were designed to solve these and other tasks. Moreover, migration policies were tied to the national interests of the recipient countries: from a more liberal one in Sweden to a more pragmatic one in Denmark. The purpose of this study is to identify the structure of migration as well as to present the history and trends of the formation of diasporas in the Nordic countries. The article examines the phenomenon of the diaspora per se, the connections and influence of diasporas on the countries of origin, common and special in the migration policies of the Nordic countries, as well as approaches to the integration policy of Norway, Sweden and Finland, its pros and cons.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диаспора</kwd><kwd>миграционная политика</kwd><kwd>денежные переводы</kwd><kwd>демография</kwd><kwd>трудовая миграция</kwd><kwd>иммиграция</kwd><kwd>интеграция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diaspora</kwd><kwd>migration policy</kwd><kwd>money transfers</kwd><kwd>demography</kwd><kwd>labor migration</kwd><kwd>immigration</kwd><kwd>integration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борисова, М.А. 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