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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">imi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международная аналитика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of International Analytics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-8476</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9633</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2587-8476-2025-16-2-98-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">imi-627</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Политические контексты афганской эмиграции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Political Contexts of Afghan Emigration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Алексеевич Князев, д.и.н., ведущий научный сотрудник Института международных исследований,</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Knyazev, PhD (Hist.), Leading Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies,</p><p>76, Vernadsky avenue, Moscow, 119454.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.knyazev@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулам</surname><given-names>Н. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulam</surname><given-names>N. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нинэль Яхьевна Гулам, аспирант Института международных исследований,</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ninel Ya. Gulam, PhD student, Institute for International Studies,</p><p>76, Vernadsky avenue, Moscow, 119454.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ni.ya.gulam@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МГИМО МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MGIMO University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Князев А.А., Гулам Н.Я., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Князев А.А., Гулам Н.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knyazev A.A., Gulam N.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/627">https://www.interanalytics.org/jour/article/view/627</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается поэтапный процесс формирования афганских диаспор. Путем сравнительного анализа на основе концепции социальных порядков сопоставлено их положение в политических контекстах евроатлантических и восточных государств. В ряде стран афганские диаспоры смогли интегрироваться в местные социумы и консолидироваться с целью организованного продвижения своих интересов, в других – не только не приобрели возможностей влияния на местные власти, но и оказались в роли дискриминируемых социальных групп. Кроме того, в работе рассмотрено состояние самих диаспор, определены основания, обусловливающие их фрагментированный характер, что отражает, по мнению авторов, незавершенный процесс формирования общеафганской идентичности.</p><p>Предметом исследования являются также формирование условий, создающих возможность использования эмигрантских диаспор институтами государств пребывания в качестве прокси-инструментов внешней политики, и готовность диаспорных элит к выполнению таких функций, что подчеркивает актуальность исследования вопроса для понимания ряда текущих политических процессов. В этом же контексте оценивается и потенциал афганских диаспор в разных странах с точки зрения возможностей их влияния на процессы, происходящие в Афганистане. Анализ вовлеченности диаспор в реализацию внешнеполитических интересов государств-реципиентов показывает разнообразие ситуаций и отсутствие какой-либо прямой зависимости подобной практики от типа обществ в рассмотренных кейсах. В статье представлена авторская периодизация процесса афганской эмиграции начиная от последствий свержения монархии в 1973 г. и заканчивая временем проведения исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article delves into the gradual process of Afghan diasporas’ formation and compares their status in Euro-Atlantic and Eastern political contexts, using a comparative analysis based on the concept of social orders. While some Afghan diaspora groups have successfully integrated into local societies and organized to promote their interests, others have failed to influence local authorities and have become marginalized. The paper also examines the current state of Afghan diaspora communities, identifying reasons for their fragmented nature. According to the authors, this reflects the ongoing process of shaping an all-Afghan identity. The study also focuses on the conditions that enable some countries’ state institutions to use emigrant diasporas as proxy tools in their foreign policy and on the readiness of diaspora elites to fulfil such functions. This highlights the relevance of the issue when it comes to understanding a range of current political events. The potential of Afghan diasporas in different countries is also assessed in terms of their abilities to influence the ongoing processes in Afghanistan. The analysis of diasporas’ involvement in the recipient countries’ foreign policy interests reveals the diversity of situations and the lack of a direct correlation between such practices and the type of the countries’ social orders. The paper provides the authors’ periodization of the Afghan emigration from the aftermath of the overthrow of the monarchy in 1973 to the time of the research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>афганская диаспора</kwd><kwd>беженцы</kwd><kwd>политическая система</kwd><kwd>социальные порядки</kwd><kwd>Афганистан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>migration</kwd><kwd>Afghan diaspora</kwd><kwd>refugees</kwd><kwd>political system</kwd><kwd>social orders</kwd><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдашкин, А.А. Проблема диаспор в зарубежной и отечественной литературе: вторая половина XX – начало XXI в. // Вестник Южно-Уральского профессионального института. 2013. № 3(12). 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