Ethnoregional Separatism in Europe: Disintegration vs. Integration?
https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-3-59-71
Abstract
Having been in the 2000s far from the spotlight of the news, European separatism is gradually returning to the information fi eld, which is partly due to the alerting reports from Scotland and Catalonia. The paper attempts to answer the following questions: what is the nature of the ethnoregional separatism in the EU, how does disintegrational agenda cohabit with the European integration dynamics, and what are the prospects for European separatism. The review of the theoretical framework within which ethnic and regionalist separatism exists is followed by the analysis of the empirics gained from diff erent European regions claiming independence or autonomy, such as Scotland, Catalonia, Flanders, Brittany, and many others, in 2000–2021. The author attempts to demythologize the widespread misconception about separatism as a potentially deadly threat to the EU nation-states or the European unity. The research is situated within the constructivist view towards ethnicity and the symbolic practices employed by the separatists; this paradigm is complemented by the institutional approach to the EU governing bodies and practices. The author comes to the following conclusions: currently, disintegrative projects within the EU nation-states cannot be successful, because of the position of the EU and the member states, and due to the uncertainties in the ethnic regions themselves (however, Scotland makes for an important exception, because of Brexit). Most separatist cases in the EU are either of instrumental or of a pure autonomist nature and do not enjoy any support from the integrational grouping that is not ready for the troubles the “internal extension” might cause. Moreover, if in the late 20th century, a discernible trend for decentralization and devolution was present, now the pendulum took the reversed direction, or at least remains unmoving; the author observes the trend for recentralization or at least for the freezing of the current fragile balance.
About the Author
P. V. Oskolkov
Institute of Europe (Russian Academy of Sciences)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Petr V. Oskolkov, PhD in Political Science, Head of Center for the Studies of Ethnic Politics, Senior Researcher
11-3 Mokhovaya str., Moscow, 125009
Competing Interests:
No potential confl ict of interest was reported by the author
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Review
For citations:
Oskolkov P.V. Ethnoregional Separatism in Europe: Disintegration vs. Integration? Journal of International Analytics. 2021;12(3):59-71. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-3-59-71
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