The Historical Heritage оf Portugal as a Factor of Division and Consolidation оf Society
https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-3-116-129
Abstract
The problem of divided societies and divisions in societies acquires special significance against the background of growing socio-political tensions in the internal and external political dimensions around the world. The West is ceasing to be an area of predominant tranquility and wellbeing. In recent years, in European societies a trend of increasing divisions has also emerged. The article analyzes old and new socio-political divisions (cleavages) within the Portuguese society. The choice of Portugal as a case study is due to the combination of several factors: the memory of the Carnation Revolution, the attitude towards the European project, the imperial past, Catholicism/secularism, and the historical legacy of the Salazar dictatorship. The theoretical and methodological framework of the study is based on the use of the concept of divided societies and constructivism as the main epistemological tools, while the country studies analysis is also applied. The authors attempt not only to identify the basic socio-cultural divisions in the contemporary Portuguese society, but also answer the question of whether it is possible to speak of a divided society in relation to the Portuguese case. The emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of Portugal’s historical path as a post-imperial state whose specificity is largely due, first, to the heritage of the Portuguese maritime empire, and, second, to the legacy of the 1974 Carnation Revolution. The key cleavages that are at the center of the analysis are the legacy of the Carnation Revolution, the European project, the imperial legacy, the religious configuration, and the Salazar heritage. The conclusion is that the Portuguese society has managed to avoid the most negative scenario of the development of the situation and has a chance of consolidation.
About the Authors
M. I. Sigachev
Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maxim I. Sigachev, PhD in Political Science, Research Fellow, Center for International Security
117997, Moscow, ul. Profsoyuznaya, 23
S. P. Arteev
Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey P. Arteev, PhD in Political Science, Research Fellow, Center for International Security
117997, Moscow, ul. Profsoyuznaya, 23
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Review
For citations:
Sigachev M.I., Arteev S.P. The Historical Heritage оf Portugal as a Factor of Division and Consolidation оf Society. Journal of International Analytics. 2022;13(3):116-129. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-3-116-129
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