The article dwells on the factor of Chinese diaspora in New Zealand. It makes the review of the key Russian and foreign studies on the issue. The artlicle also reflects the historical background of Chinese immigration to New Zealand and specifies the formation of Chinese diaspora. The article highlights tendencies of Chinese activity in New Zealand in the late 20^th – early 21^st centuries. The peculiarities of embedding Chinese migrants in the multicultural New Zealand’s society and the specifics of their interaction with indigenous Maori are shown. The article finds that there is a conflict between the Chinese, acting as an “intermediary minority”, and different parts of the host society. This conflict is caused by both economic differences and the factor of cultural identity. This article examines the debate about Chinese influence, which is an important component of New Zealand’s domestic and foreign policy. The debate about Chinese influence through immigrants and the diaspora influences the positions of New Zealand political parties. In their election rhetoric, political forces often resort to populism and play the “China card” using the discourse of Chinese influence on the state’s domestic and foreign policy. As a small state, New Zealand is interested in trade and investment preferences in its relations with China, as well as in the formation of security guarantees while maintaining a soft non-aligned status.

Considering migration flows from China, the United States is often seen as the most popular destination. Almost a third of all migrants leaving China head to the U.S. in hopes of realizing the American Dream, obtaining a high-quality education, or establishing professional and business connections. Given Washington’s policy of “containment” towards China since 2018, and the subsequent unfolding of a conflict scenario in U.S.–China relations, it is expected that this will have an impact on both migration flows from China and the Chinese diaspora in the United States. The aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the impact of the U.S. “containment” of China and the overall deterioration of U.S.–China relations on the Chinese diaspora in the United States. Using statistical data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the author assesses the dynamics of the Chinese diaspora population, breaking it down into its various subgroups. The article addresses the question of whether the Chinese diaspora is homogeneous in its political views (including views on the PRC, the policy implemented by the Chinese authorities, electoral preferences, etc.).

The formation of a global Indian diaspora is one of the most important processes in the context of the ongoing globalization. Members of the diaspora are gradually occupying increasingly higher positions in the economic and political life of the recipient countries, but the benefits that India derives are the subject of much debate. There is a conception that as ethnic Indians advance to senior positions in big business and government agencies overseas, the economies and foreign policies of these countries become increasingly friendly to India. The author attempts to test this hypothesis analyzing three different cases: Mauritius, Fiji, and the USA. While in Mauritius the Indian diaspora constitutes the majority of the island’s population, the Indians remain a discriminated minority in Fiji. In the USA, the Indian diaspora has become an important part of the political landscape, with Indians occupying senior positions in all recent presidential administrations. The article concludes that the hypothesis about the potentially important role of the Indian diaspora is not confirmed in all three cases. In Mauritius, the diaspora perceives itself as part of the Mauritian nation and is not going to act in the political interests of the metropolis. The Indian diaspora in Fiji is more of a foreign policy challenge to India. Finally, the American Indian diaspora is reluctant to invest in key sectors of Indian industry, as politicians of Indian origin seek to confirm loyalty to their new homeland instead of acting in the interests of India.

Migration is of particular importance for the Nordic countries. It is heterogeneous and took place in different time periods, for different reasons. At first, it had the character of labor migration between the Nordic countries: from Denmark, Norway, and Finland, which were less developed in the early 20th century, to Sweden. Further, due to economic growth, labor was needed, which prompted these countries to look for migrant workers outside their countries. Thus, ethnic diasporas in the Nordic countries gradually began to form. Along with labor migration, the Nordic countries began actively accepting refugees from war-torn countries for humanitarian reasons.

At the same time, the reception of migrants was intended to solve the demographic issues of the Nordic countries. Still, due to the influx of migrants, there are problems with their integration.

Migration policies for the reception of migrants and refugees were designed to solve these and other tasks. Moreover, migration policies were tied to the national interests of the recipient countries: from a more liberal one in Sweden to a more pragmatic one in Denmark. The purpose of this study is to identify the structure of migration as well as to present the history and trends of the formation of diasporas in the Nordic countries. The article examines the phenomenon of the diaspora per se, the connections and influence of diasporas on the countries of origin, common and special in the migration policies of the Nordic countries, as well as approaches to the integration policy of Norway, Sweden and Finland, its pros and cons.

This article is devoted to the phenomenon of pro-Israel lobbying in the United States that is often defined as a model for other lobbies. The U.S. Jewish community coordinated its efforts and resources to become an interest group and then developed professional lobbying structures to make a difference in political decision-making. The paper aims to reveal the structure of the pro-Israel lobby and identify the main tools used by these lobbyists to achieve their goals. Although pro-Israel lobbying is often classified as ethnic lobbying, its agenda is political. Despite the activities of pro-Israel lobbyists are mythologized, the latter do not have the right of veto when it comes to determining the foreign policy vector of the United States, they can only try to facilitate the adoption of one or another decision. Key pro-Israel lobbying organizations use a number of tools that are common among lobbyists, including information, mobilization of supporters, using Political Action

Committee (PAC) in elections. One of their unique tools is the organization of private trips for members of the U.S. Congress to Israel and the Palestinian territories. Special attention is paid to tendencies in the pro-Israel lobbying in the U.S. For several decades, pro-Israel lobbying activities were certainly associated with unconditional support for Israel and its policies, however, nowadays they are approached more nuancedly due to the deep fragmentation of pro-Israel lobbying structures. There is no single voice that can claim to represent the entire pro-Israel lobby.

The article delves into the gradual process of Afghan diasporas’ formation and compares their status in Euro-Atlantic and Eastern political contexts, using a comparative analysis based on the concept of social orders. While some Afghan diaspora groups have successfully integrated into local societies and organized to promote their interests, others have failed to influence local authorities and have become marginalized. The paper also examines the current state of Afghan diaspora communities, identifying reasons for their fragmented nature. According to the authors, this reflects the ongoing process of shaping an all-Afghan identity. The study also focuses on the conditions that enable some countries’ state institutions to use emigrant diasporas as proxy tools in their foreign policy and on the readiness of diaspora elites to fulfil such functions. This highlights the relevance of the issue when it comes to understanding a range of current political events. The potential of Afghan diasporas in different countries is also assessed in terms of their abilities to influence the ongoing processes in Afghanistan. The analysis of diasporas’ involvement in the recipient countries’ foreign policy interests reveals the diversity of situations and the lack of a direct correlation between such practices and the type of the countries’ social orders. The paper provides the authors’ periodization of the Afghan emigration from the aftermath of the overthrow of the monarchy in 1973 to the time of the research.

This article examines the unique phenomenon of the Moldovan diaspora’s influence on electoral processes in the Republic of Moldova. The author analyzes the historical, economic, and social factors that have contributed to the mass migration of Moldovan citizens abroad, as well as the formation of diaspora communities. Particular attention is paid to the role of the diaspora in the 2020 and 2024 presidential elections in Moldova, where its participation proved decisive in shaping the voting outcomes. Using these elections as case studies, the article demonstrates how pro-Western political forces, particularly the Action and Solidarity Party and President Maia Sandu, successfully mobilized the diaspora to support their agenda. The study also explores programs and initiatives aimed at engaging the diaspora, and their impact on the country’s political dynamics.

The author concludes that the diaspora has evolved into a powerful political instrument capable of significantly altering election results, despite the internal divisions within Moldovan society.

Migration has become one of the leading megatrends of our time. It has a multidirectional economic, cultural and political impact on host societies. The composition of migration flows is also being reformatted. In particular, the relatively small but politically significant so-called value migration is becoming more relevant: in Russia, against the background of the Special Military Operation, this migration phenomenon has become widespread. The purpose of the article is to lay the foundation for studying the problems of impatriation using political science methods. The authors analyze the main substantive characteristics of the concept of “impatriation” through its manifestation in the information environment and in social realities in the context of local and international socio-political processes, foreign and Russian regulatory, political-practical and historical experience. The methodological basis of the research includes a comparative approach, methods of analyzing documents, discourses and cases. The result of the study is the author’s definition of the concept of “impatriation”; characteristics of foreign models similar to Russian impatriation, using the example of Poland and Hungary; classification of the main growth points and the most probable limitations associated with the implementation of Russia’s impatriation policy in the near future; the institutional design of the impatriation mechanism is revealed. The transition to the impatriation policy contributed to the launch of a number of organizational transformation processes at the local and regional levels associated with the need to ensure “seamless” reception and adaptation of in-demand highly qualified foreign specialists. The role of impatriation is outlined in two contours – external (impatriation as a tool for promoting Russian interests abroad) and internal (impatriation as an auxiliary factor in the preservation and development of human capital) – for the implementation of Russia’s development goals.

Compared to other African countries, Ghana is known as a relatively stable democracy. However, there are various forms of social, political, ethnic, and religious instability that have persisted in Ghana for many decades and posed some risks for the indigenous Ghanaian diaspora. These instabilities are typically categorized as either inter- or intra-ethnic conflicts. The article gives an account of several relevant conflicts in the Northern parts of Ghana that turned into violent clashes. The authors explore the rationale behind these conflicts, as many of them were provoked by contestation for traditional power and authority. The research employs qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and case study by indicating regions prone to chieftaincy conflicts. Eight cases were selected from three regions in Northern Ghana, where such conflicts provoked violent clashes and uprisings in the diaspora, and also may have led to deaths and displacement of people. The research relies on the data from official reports, datasets by international organizations, and academic articles to adopt a comparative perspective. It also examines the strategies of managing, resolving, and transforming the conflicts to identify the combination of factors that could lead to an enduring solution. The article concludes that the integration of traditional dispute resolution mechanisms in combination with community involvement leads to more successful conflict resolution.